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Cleansing The Ultimate Way
The entire colon is about 5 feet (150 cm) long, and is divided into five major segments. The rectum is the last anatomic segment before the anus.
The ascending and descending colon are supported by peritoneal folds called mesentery.
The right colon consists of the cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure and the right half of the transverse colon. The left colon consists of the left half of the transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, and sigmoid.
Parts of Colon and Rectum
Cecum (proximal right colon)--6 x 9 cm pouch covered with peritoneum
Appendix--a vermiform (wormlike) diverticulum located in the lower cecum
Ascending colon--20-25 cm long, located behind the peritoneum
Hepatic flexure--lies under right lobe of liver
Transverse colon--lies anterior in abdomen, attached to gastrocolic ligament
Splenic flexure--near tail of pancreas and spleen
Descending colon--10-15 cm long, located behind the peritoneum
Sigmoid colon--loop extending distally from border of left posterior major psoas muscle
Rectosigmoid segment--between 10 and 15 cm from anal verge
Rectum--12 cm long; upper third covered by peritoneum; no peritoneum on lower third which is also called
the rectal ampulla. About 10 cm of the rectum lies below the lower edge of the peritoneum (below the
peritoneal reflection), outside the peritoneal cavity.
Anal canal--most distal 4-5 cm to anal verge
The human digestive system. When food is swallowed, it is moved down the oesophagus by the action of muscles (peristalsis) into the stomach. Digestion starts in the mouth and continues in the stomach as the food is mixed with enzymes and strong acid. After several hours, the food passes to the small intestine. Here more enzymes are added and digestion is completed. After all nutrients have been absorbed, the indigestible parts pass into the large intestine and thence to the rectum. The liver has many functions, such as storing minerals and vitamins and making bile, which is stored in the gall bladder until needed for the digestion of fats. The pancreas supplies enzymes. The appendix appears to have no function in human beings.
In anatomy, the main part of the large intestine, between the caecum and rectum. Water and mineral salts are absorbed from undigested food in the colon, and the residue passes as faeces towards the rectum.
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